DISTANCE RELATIONS BETWEEN EARTHQUAKES

Statistical evidence indicates that some triggering or promotion forward in time can occur in regions which are under high stress due to additional stress events of  small size. Among these are surface and body waves passing through a region.  Triggering may be dynamic with the promoted earthquake occurring at the same time as the stress event or delayed with an earthquake occurring later in time but still related to the stress event through water lubrication or other various geophysical effects on the faults. We have argued in this report for the past 35 years that this effect is most observable where the seismic waves are largest.  In general this occurs at distances from the rupture ends of  the earthquake producing those waves (mainshock) which we have termed nodal distances. These are defined by the formula D=360*m/n where D is the distance in degrees and m<=m where n an m are small integers. These are also the locations of  the maximum corrections to magnitude in the standard Jeffreys-Bullen tables. In addition there is focusing of  seismic energy from reflections and refractions of f the core-mantle and the inner-outer core boundary of  the earth. This focuses energy at the surface in the distance between 101 and 108 degrees (core-mantle) and 141-148 degrees (inner-outer core boundary). In this report we monitor seismicity at these distances following major earthquakes as experience has shown that strong and/or unusual earthquake are much more likely to occur at these distance from the mainshock. 

Antipodal (~180 degrees)

Kermadec Islands to Algeria, northwest Africa, Southern Spain, 

North Island, New Zealand to Algeria, North Atlantic,

Honshu Japan to

Loyalty Islands to

West Chile Rise to Central China, Nepal, Tajikistan, 

South Shetland Islands to

Mindanao, Philippines to Guyana, 

Dodecanese Islands to

Atacama  Chile to

Alaska Peninsula to South of Africa, 

Outer shadow zone edge (141-148 degrees)

Kermadec Islands to Northern mid-Atlantic, Congo, Iraq, Ascension Is, Reykjanes Ridge, Iceland, 

North Island, New Zealand to

Honshu Japan to Southern Peru, West Chile Rise, Northern Chile,

Loyalty Islands to Northern Mid-Atlantic, Reykjanes Ridge, Dodecanese Is. Greece, Romania, Iceland, Egypt, North Sea, Poland, Turkey, Dodecanese Islands, northern California,

West Chile Rise to Turkey, Taiwan, Sumatra, 

South Shetland Islands to Alaska Peninsula, Tajikistan, Central Alaska, Kazakhstan, Taiwan, Fox Islands, China, Alaska Peninsula, Kenai Peninsula, 

Mindanao, Philippines to Nicaragua, Panama, Central Chile, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, 

Dodecanese Islands to West Chile Rise, Auckland Islands, New Zealand, Southeast Pacific Rise, Loyalty Is, Vanuatu, Easter Island, Macquarie Islands, 

Alaska Peninsula to South Shetland Islands, South Georgia Islands, Mozambique, South Africa, 

Node 3 (120 degrees)

Kermadec Islands to  Antigua and Barbuda, La Soufriere, Barbados, Tajikistan, Baffin Bay, Quebec,  Hindu Kush,  

North Island, New Zealand to  La Soufriere, Namibia, Barbados, Xinjiang, China, Tajikistan,  Puerto Rico,

Honshu Japan to Strait of Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Panama,

Loyalty Islands to Haiti, Baffin Bay, Quebec, Canada,

West Chile Rise to Ceram, Indonesia, 

South Shetland Islands to Coast of Oregon, Mt. St. Helens, Washington, Germany, Molucca, Turkey, Coast of Northern California, Croatia, Alberta, Italy, Molucca, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, 

Mindanao, Philippines to Gulf of California, Oklahoma, South Shetland Islands, Southeast Pacific, Spain,  

Dodecanese Islands to Papua New Guinea, South Shetland Islands, Los Lagos, Chile, 

Alaska Peninsula to San Juan, Argentina, Balleny Islands, Mid-Indian Ridge, Aisen, Los Lagos, Chile,

P- and S- shadow zone edge and node 7 (101-110 degrees)

Kermadec Islands to Assam, India, Siberia, Texas, Wyoming, Caribbean Sea, Kansas,  Northern India, Louisiana, Indian Ridge, Beaufort Sea, Mongolia, Carlsberg Ridge, Siberia, Kansas, Oklahoma, Northern Alaska,  Myanmar,

North Island, New Zealand to Southeastern Alaska, Assam, India, Texas, Wyoming, Southern India, Central Alaska, Southeast Alaska, Mongolia, West Texas, Carlsberg Ridge, South Indian Ocean, Myanmar,  Southern Alaska, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Idaho, Oklahoma, Utah, Washington State, Carlsberg Ridge, 

Honshu Japan to North East Pacific Rise, Mayotte, Congo, Guerrero, Mexico, North Atlantic, Lake Victoria, Tanzania, Northern Chile, Azores, Oaxaca, Guerrero,  Mexico,  

Loyalty Islands to  Texas, Wyoming, Beaufort Sea, West Chile Rise, Kansas, South Georgia Rise, South of Africa, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Southern Peru, Southern Texas, Siberia, Carlsberg Ridge, Guatemala, Ecuador, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Oklahoma, Atacama, Chile, Guatemala,

West Chile Rise to Virginia, Arkansas, Yukon Territory, Canada, New Britain, Southeastern Alaska,  

South Shetland Islands to Oklahoma, Virginia, Madeira Islands, Azores, Solomon Islands, Spain, Texas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Baja, Southern California, 

Mindanao, Philippines to Iceland, Alberta, Germany, San Francisco, Central California, Idaho, Mt. St. Helens, Washington, 

Dodecanese Islands to East of South Sandwich Islands, Gulf of California, Los Angeles, South Sandwich Islands, Guatemala, Mammoth Lakes, California, Southern Atlantic, South East Pacific Rise, Ecuador, South Sandwich Islands, Oaxaca, Mexico, Gulf of California, Guam, Nicaragua, Sinoloa, Mexico, Central California, Ecuador, Ceram Sea, Costa Rica, Banda Sea, Indonesia, South Sandwich Islands, Northern Peru, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Mexico, Guatemala, Southern, Central California, 

Alaska Peninsula to Southeast Pacific, Sumatra,  Easter Island, South Island, New Zealand, Socotra, South of Sumatra, Owen Fracture Zone, Central Mid-Atlantic, Honduras, Sumatra, South Pacific, West Chile Rise, northern Chile, southern Peru, Java, Sumatra, South Island, New Zealand, New Guinea to Gulf of California, South of Africa, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Southern California,

Node 4 (90 degrees)

Kermadec Islands to Southeastern Alaska, Alaska, Oaxaca, Guerrero Mexico, Utah, Washington, Chile,

North Island, New Zealand to Kuril Islands,  Carlsberg Ridge,

Honshu Japan to Indian Ocean, Illinois, Quebec,  South Island, New Zealand, 

Loyalty Islands to Mongolia, Western Mexico, Southeastern Alaska, Southern Alaska, Washington State, Ridgecrest, Southern California,

West Chile Rise to Guinea, 

South Shetland Islands to Fiji, Loyalty Islands,

Mindanao, Philippines to

Dodecanese Islands to Southern Idaho, Oklahoma, Izu Is, Japan,   

Alaska Peninsula to Flores, Canary Islands, Dodecanese Islands, Northern Peru, Banda Sea, Iran, Crete, Lebanon, Pakistan, Kermadec Islands, Canary Islands,

Node 5 (72 degrees)

Kermadec Islands to West Chile Rise,

North Island, New Zealand to Aisen, Chile, West Chile Rise,

Honshu Japan to Tonga, San Francisco, northern California, Iran, Idaho, Norfolk Island, Fiji, Armenia, 

Loyalty Islands to Sumatra,  Kuril Islands,

West Chile Rise to Fiji, Oklahoma, Southern California,

South Shetland Islands to Mozambique, Panama, Costa Rica, North Island, New Zealand,

Mindanao, Philippines to

Dodecanese Islands to Cape Province, South Africa, Southern Quebec,

Alaska Peninsula to Santa Cruz Is, New Britain, Solomon Islands, Fiji Is,  Mindoro, Philippines, Samoa, Nicaragua, New Britain, Solomon Islands, Dominican Republic, Galapagos, Mindanao, Philippines, Fiji, England, Samoa, Philippines, New Guinea to Fox Islands, Xizang, China,

Node 6 (60 degrees)

Kermadec Islands to Ceram, Indonesia, Mariana Islands, 

North Island, New Zealand to Ceram, Indonesia, Hawaii, 

Honshu Japan to NE Australia, Greenland Sea, 

Loyalty Islands to South Indian Ridge, Tokyo, Japan, 

West Chile Rise to

South Shetland Islands to Guyana, 

Mindanao, Philippines to

Dodecanese Islands to

Alaska Peninsula to Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Mexico

Node 7 (52 degrees)

Kermadec Islands to New Guinea, South of New Guinea,  Hawaii

North Island, New Zealand to  South of New Guinea,

Honshu Japan to Southeastern Alaska, Beaufort Sea, Andaman Is, Tajikistan,  Timor, Lombok, Sumbawa, Indonesia,

Loyalty Islands to Sumbawa, Northern Mariana Islands,

West Chile Rise to Oaxaca, Chiapas, Mexico,

South Shetland Islands to

Mindanao, Philippines to Loyalty Islands,

Dodecanese Islands to Siberia, Nepal,

Alaska Peninsula to Siberia, Western Mexico, Iceland, Greenland Sea, Siberia, Mongolia, Jan Mayen Is, Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Mexico, Pennsylvania, Greenland Sea, Quebec, North Carolina, New York, Izu Islands, Japan, Alabama,