DISTANCE RELATIONS BETWEEN EARTHQUAKES

 

Statistical evidence indicates that some triggering or promotion forward in time can occur in regions which are under high stress due to additional stress events of  small size. Among these are surface and body waves passing through a region.  Triggering may be dynamic with the promoted earthquake occurring at the same time as the stress event or delayed with an earthquake occurring later in time but still related to the stress event through water lubrication or other various geophysical effects on the faults. We have argued in this report for the past 35 years that this effect is most observable where the seismic waves are largest.  In general this occurs at distances from the rupture ends of  the earthquake producing those waves (mainshock) which we have termed nodal distances. These are defined by the formula D=360*m/n where D is the distance in degrees and m<=m where n an m are small integers. These are also the locations of  the maximum corrections to magnitude in the standard Jeffreys-Bullen tables. In addition there is focusing of  seismic energy from reflections and refractions of f the core-mantle and the inner-outer core boundary of  the earth. This focuses energy at the surface in the distance between 101 and 108 degrees (core-mantle) and 141-148 degrees (inner-outer core boundary). In this report we monitor seismicity at these distances following major earthquakes as experience has shown that strong and/or unusual earthquake are much more likely to occur at these distance from the mainshock. 

 

 

Antipodal (~180 degrees)

 

Taiwan to Chile, Argentina, 

Macquarie to Iceland,

Xinjiang, China to Southeast Pacific Rise, 

Brazil to

Talaud Islands to

Honshu, Japan to

Loyalty Islands to

Mariana Is to

Mindanao to

Banda Sea, Indonesia to

New Guinea to Central Mid-Atlantic, 

Morocco to

Bali to Venezuela, Colombia, 

Andreanof Is to Bouvet Islands, 

Molucca Sea to

Banda Sea, Indonesia to

New Guinea to Central Mid-Atlantic,

 

Outer shadow zone edge (141-148 degrees)

 

Taiwan to Colomgia, Ecuador, Barbados, northern mid-Atlantic, Grenada, Central Mid-Atlantic, 

Macquarie to New Jersey, Greece, Western Turkey, Quebec, Southern Greece, Connecticut,   

Xinjiang, China to Central East Pacific Rise, Tarapaca, Chile, South Shetland IS, Jalisco, Central, Northern Mid-Atlantic, Central Peru, Antofagasta, Chile, Buenos Aires, Brazil, 

Brazil to Bonin Is, Xizang, China, New Guinea, Mariana Islands, 

Talaud Islands to Jalisco, Costa Rica, O'Higgins, Chile, 

Honshu, Japan to South Pacific Ocean, Brazil, Bouvet Is, Mid-Atlantic, southern Peru, 

Loyalty Islands to  Greece, Northern Mid-Atlantic, Atacama, Chile, South Sandwich Islands, Austria, Maryland, Bosnia and Herzgovina, Reykjanes Rideg, Scotland, Romania, 

Mariana Is to South of Africa, Central Atlantic, South Sandwich Is, Brazil, Bio-Bio, Chile, Southern Peru, Antofagasta, Central Chile, South Sandwich Is., Southern Pacific, 

Mindanao to Jalisco, Northern California, Bio-Bio, Chile, Panama, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Maule, Chile, 

Banda Sea to Florida, Azores, Vancouver, Central Peru, Panama, Ecuador,  Nicaragua, Antofagasta, Tarapaca, Chile, Costa Rica, South Carolina, Panama, Gulf of Maine, Indonesia to Canary Islands, Guatemala, northern Chile, Argentina, Nicaragua, Chile, Maine,    

New Guinea to Central Atlantic, Bolivia, Azores, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico,

Tonga to Ethiopia, Romania, Ukraine, Central Mid-Atlantic, 

Molucca Sea to  Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Northern Mid-Atlantic, Tarapaca, Chile, Central Chile, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Argentina, Cape Verde, 

New Guinea to Virgin Islands, Morocco, South Africa, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Mid-Atlantic, Azores, northern Atlantic, 

 

Node 3 (120 degrees)

 

Taiwan to

Macquarie to Hindu Kush, Northern California, Texas, Xinjiang, China, Vancouver, , 

Xinjiang, China to Jalisco, Central Mexico, Virgin Islands, North Island, New Zealand

Brazil to Iran, Macquarie, 

Talaud Islands to Oklahoma, Texas, Scotia Sea,  

Honshu, Japan to Botswana, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Panama, South Africa, Virgin Islands, East Pacific Rise, 

Loyalty Islands to New Jersey, Quebec, Tristan da Cunha, South Africa, Ontario,  

Mariana Is to Egypt,  Azores, Southeast Pacific,

Mindanao to East Pacific Rise, Morocco, Ontario, Arkansas, Illinois, Quebec, Oklahoma, Southeast Pacific, Western Texas, South Sandwich Is,  

Banda Sea, Indonesia to Gabon, Northern Sumatra, Iceland,  

New Guinea to South of Africa, Ohio, Iceland, Italy, Louisiana, Ontario, Arkansas, Chiapas, Guatemala,

Tonga to Argent6ina, Afghanistan, Hindu Kush, Svalbard,

Molucca Sea to Gulf of California, Nebraska, South Sandwich Islands, Western Texas, 

New Guinea to Illinois, South East Pacific, North Sea, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Mexico, Albania, Greece, Puerto Rico, Iceland, Missouri, Bosnia, Illinois, Arkansas, Gulf of Mexico, Chiapas, Mexico, Iceland, Los Lagos, Chile,  

 

P- and S- shadow zone edge and node 7 (101-110 degrees)

 

Taiwan to  Labrador, Botswana, Gulf of California, Baja California,

Macquarie to Colombia, Ecuador, Northern Honshu, Northern East Pacific Rise, Southern China, Hokkaido, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru,  

Xinjiang, China to North Carolina, South of Africa, Central, Baja, Southern California, Arkansas, Oahu, Hawaii, Illinois, Macquarie, Northern, Central Mid-Atlantic, China to Florida, Central California, Oklahoma, North Atlantic, Hawaii, Louisiana, Bass Strait, Australia, Central Mid-Atlantic, Southern and Central California, Vanuatu, Loyalty Is. Tennessee,  

Brazil to Chukotka, Russia, Malawi, Cook Strait, NZ, Balleny, Macquarie, Turkey, Kermadec Is., Egypt, Tonga, South Indian Ocean, South, North Island, New Zealand, Central Aleutians,

Talaud Islands to Norwegian Sea, Baffin Bay, Nicaragua, Idaho, Croatia, Botswana, Italy, Iceland, Central California, Oregon,

Honshu, Japan to Southern California, Balleny, Tanzania, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Mexico, Azores, East Pacific Rise, South Pacific Ocean, Northern East Pacific Rise, Balleny Islands, Morocco, Guerrero, Mexico, 

Loyalty Islands to Chiapas, Mexico, South of Africa, Colombia, Ecuador,  South Sandwich Is, Xinjiang, China, Atacama, Chile, Reykjanes Ridge, Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Guatemala, Xingiang, China, Bouvet Is,  Banda Sea, Oklahoma, Carlsberg Ridge, South of Africa, South Sandwich Is, Pakistan, Lake Baykal, Russia, Nebraska, Kazakhstan, Guatemala, Central Mexico, Texas, El Salvador, Central Peru,   

Mariana Is to Jalisco, Mexico, Arkansas, Croatia, Texas, Louisiana, SE Pacific, Ontario, South and North-east Pacific Rise, Reykjanes Ridge, Quebec, Illinois, New York, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Mexico, Siberia, Northern Mid-Atlantic, Ohio, South Africa, northern Mexico, Michoacan, Guerrero, Mexico, Quebec, 

Mindanao to South of Africa, Botswana,  Switzerland, Iceland, Nicaragua, Central California, off No. California, Seattle, Washington, Italy, Idaho, Southern, Geysers, Central  California, Yellowstone, South of Africa, Scotland, Iceland, southern Idaho, San Francisco, Mammoth Lakes, CA, Los Angeles, California, Montana, Oregon, Tyrrhenian Sea,  France, Off coast of Northern California, Central, northern California, Iceland, 

Banda Sea, Oregon, Norwegian Sea, Indonesia to  Western Turkey, Romania, Uganda, Vancouver, Eastern Mediterranean, Greenland Sea, Coast of Oregon, Vancouver, BC, Western Turkey, 

Tonga to Xizang, Xinjiang, Nunavut, Ohio, Colombia, northern Chile, South Sandwich Is,  

Molucca Sea to Nunavut, Italy, San Francisco, Washington State, British Columbia, Malta, Central, southern California,  

New Guinea to South of Africa, Baja, Gulf of California, Nunavut, Wyoming, Yellowstone, Baja, Southern California, Eastern Turkey,  Utah,

 

Node 4 (90 degrees)

 

Taiwan to Northern California,

Macquarie to Taiwan, 

Xinjiang, China to Quebec, 

Brazil to Central Alaska, Gulf of Alaska,  

Talaud Islands to Southeast Alaska, Tanzania, 

Honshu, Japan to South Indian Ocean, Arkansas, South of Australia, Quebec, Kansas, Texas, Oklahoma, 

Loyalty Islands to Baja, Gulf of California, Lake Baykal, Bering Sea, Central, Southeast Alaska, Pakistan, Southern California, Gulf of California, British Columbia,  

Mariana Is to Gulf of California,

Mindanao to South Indian Ocean, Tanzania, Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, Romania, Istanbul, Turkey, Yukon Terr, Canada,

Banda Sea, Indonesia to Iran- Turkey, Red Sea, Southern Alaska, Gulf of Alaska,  

Tonga to Nicaragua, Kansas, Ecuador, Sumatra, Oklahoma, Guatemala, 

Molucca Sea to Turkey, Syria, Tajikistan, 

Banda Sea, Indonesia to Iran- Turkey, Red Sea, Southern Alaska, 

New Guinea to coast of Iran, Vancouver, No. California, Coast of Oregon, Yukon, Canada, 

 

Node 5 (72 degrees)

 

Taiwan to South Indian Ocean, Yukon Terr, Tonga, 

Macquarie to Mindanao, Philippines, 

Xinjiang, China to Unimak Island,

Brazil to Coast of Oregon, Washington State,

Talaud Islands to Fox Is, Unimak, Alaska, 

Honshu, Japan to Northern Idaho, Fiji, Tonga, Northern California, Carlsberg Ridge, Eastern Turkey, 

Loyalty Islands to Andreanof Is. Alaska,

Mariana Is to South of Australia, Vancouver BC, East of South Island, N.Z, 

Mindanao to Caspian Sea, Unimak, Fox Islands, East of South Island, N.Z,  

Banda Sea to Andreanof Is, Tajikistan, Southwest Indian Ridge, 

Tonga to Southern California, Kamchatka, Java, Ryukyu Islands, Luzon, Fox Islands,  Northern, Central California, Gulf of California, Baja California, 

Fiji to Andreanof Islands, Coast of Hokkaido, Japan, Northern California, Baja California, Fox Islands, Andreanof Islands,

New Guinea to South Indian Ocean, South Pacific, So. Xinjiang, China, Nepal, Unimak, Fox Islands, Alaska,

 

Node 6 (60 degrees)

 

Taiwan to Fox Is, 

Macquarie to Papua New Guinea,

Xinjiang, China to Yap Is, Mariana Is, Hawaii, 

Brazil to Southern California,

Talaud Islands to South Indian Ocean, Tonga, Afghanistan,

Honshu, Japan to Vanuatu, 

Loyalty Islands to Honshu, Japan, South Pacific, 

Mariana Is to Xinjiang, China, Kermadec Islands, Kenai Peninsula, Gulf of Alaska, Central Alaska,  Tajikistan, South Indian Ocean, 

Mindanao to Carlsberg Ridge, So. Indian Ridge, Rat Is. Near Islands,  Fiji, Pakistan,

Banda Sea, Indonesia to Balleny Is, 

Tonga to Molucca,

Molucca Sea to Macquarie Island, Tajikistan, Cook Strait, New Zealand, North Island, New Zealand,  Kamchatka, 

New Guinea to  Balleny Is, Gansu, China, Kamchatka,  Near Islands,

 

Node 7 (52 degrees)

 

Taiwan to Rat Islands, 

Macquarie to

Xinjiang, China to Ethiopia, Kuril Islands, Bonin Is, Java, Sumatra,

Brazil to Quebec, Gulf of California, Texas, 

Talaud Islands to Lake Baykal. Xinjiang, China

Honshu, Japan to Java, Indonesia, Franz Josef Land,  Central Alaska, Sumbawa, Afghanistan, 

Loyalty Islands to Java, South of Australia, Mindanao, Hawaii,  

Mariana Is to Unimak, Fiji, Maui, Hawaii, South of Australia, Sumatra, Bangladesh,   

Mindanao to Xingiang, China, Pakistan, Loyalty Islands,

Banda Sea, Indonesia to  Tonga, Kurils, Kermadec, Kuril Is. Macquarie Island, Hokkaido, Japan, New Zealand, Tonga, Fiji,

Morocco to Virgin Islands,

Tonga to Talaud Is, 

Molucca Sea to South Island, New Zealand, Kermadec Islands, 

New Guinea to Kuril Is, South of Australia, Macquarie, Sumatra, 

 

 

Node 8 (45 degrees)

 

Taiwan to

Xinjiang, China to Honshu, Japan,